Historical & Cultural Sites
The Royal Palace and Silver Pagoda are Phnom Penh's most iconic landmarks, located in the city center. The palace's shimmering golden roofs are unmistakable, though note that only certain sections are open to visitors (around $10 entrance fee). Adjacent is the Silver Pagoda, so named for its 5,000 silver floor tiles. Both require modest dress—covered shoulders and knees. Hire a local guide (roughly $15–20 for 2 hours) to understand the intricate symbolism. The National Museum, just nearby, houses an impressive collection of Khmer sculptures and art and costs about $6 to enter. Allow 2–3 hours total for this cultural cluster.
War History & Memorials
The Tuol Sleng Genocide Museum and Killing Fields of Choeung Ek are sobering but essential visits for understanding Cambodia's recent history. Tuol Sleng ($6 entry) was a former school turned prison during the Khmer Rouge regime; audio guides are available for $3 and highly recommended. The Killing Fields site is about 15 km south; a tuk-tuk ride costs $12–15 roundtrip. Visits here are emotionally heavy, so budget time to process and consider joining a guided tour ($25–35) for historical context and respect.
Markets & Food
Central Market (Phsar Thmey) is the city's bustling hub for souvenirs, textiles, and local goods—ideal for haggling and people-watching. For dinner, explore Street 278 or the Riverside area, where meals at local restaurants run $3–8 per person. Night markets on weekends offer street food and crafts. Start mornings early to avoid heat and crowds; tuk-tuks are your best transport ($2–4 per ride).