Istanbul has a mildly continental climate. Summers (June–August) are warm and sunny at 26–30°C with low humidity — perfect for Bosphorus cruises and rooftop terraces. Winters (December–February) are cold (5–9°C) and rainy, occasionally snowy — the city looks magical under snow but transport slows.
Spring (April–May) and autumn (September–October) are the best times to visit: mild temperatures of 15–22°C, lower crowds, and better hotel prices. Ramadan brings atmospheric late-night iftars and special food — a fascinating time to visit. The Tulip Festival in April fills the city's parks with millions of blooms.